Accounts of Marpa Lotsawa’s training in India consistently present Naropa as the source of his most profound transmissions, especially those that became the heart of the Kagyu tradition. Central among these are the Six Dharmas, or Six Yogas of Naropa: the yogas of inner heat (tummo), illusory body, dream, clear light, the intermediate state, and consciousness transference. These practices are not merely technical meditations; they form a complete path of completion-stage yoga, guiding a practitioner through the full arc of experience—from waking life, through dream and death, to the possibility of liberation in the bardo. Through Naropa, Marpa received these teachings in their entirety, together with the necessary empowerments and instructions that make them a living lineage rather than abstract doctrine. Alongside these yogas, Naropa entrusted Marpa with the Mahamudra teachings, the “Great Seal” instructions that point directly to the nature of mind. These include systematic guidance in meditation as well as the crucial pointing-out instructions that reveal the mind’s empty yet luminous character. Such teachings do not stand apart from the tantric practices but rather provide their inner meaning, ensuring that even the most elaborate yogas are grounded in direct insight into non-dual awareness. In this way, Marpa’s reception of Mahamudra from Naropa gave him both the view and the meditative method that would later define the Kagyu approach. Naropa also conferred on Marpa major tantric transmissions and empowerments, particularly those of the Hevajra and Cakrasaṃvara (Heruka) tantras, together with their associated deity-yoga practices. These transmissions included the full mandala systems, generation-stage visualizations, mantra recitations, and the corresponding completion-stage yogas that work with subtle energies, channels, and winds. Through these, Marpa inherited not only individual practices but an integrated tantric curriculum rooted in the Indian mahāsiddha tradition. The combination of these tantras with Mahamudra and the Six Yogas formed a coherent path that unites profound view, meditative experience, and ritual discipline. What Marpa received from Naropa, therefore, was not a scattered assortment of techniques but a complete spiritual inheritance: empowerments, oral transmissions, and pith instructions that show how to weave view, meditation, and conduct into a single fabric of practice. These teachings emphasize the centrality of devotion to the guru and the transformative power of direct experiential guidance, rather than mere scholastic understanding. Through faithfully transmitting these instructions—especially Mahamudra and the Six Yogas—to Milarepa and subsequent disciples, Marpa ensured that Naropa’s realization would continue as a living current in