Ananda Marga presents a clearly tiered global structure in which spiritual authority and administrative responsibility are interwoven. At the highest level stands the spiritual leadership rooted in the figure of the Sadguru and continued through a body of senior monks and nuns responsible for preserving dharma, interpreting ideology, and overseeing spiritual discipline. Alongside this spiritual core operates a global executive, with central officers and committees that coordinate worldwide activities and implement policy. This dual emphasis on spiritual guidance and organizational governance reflects the movement’s attempt to harmonize inner realization with outer service.

Administratively, the world is divided into large geographic units that cascade downward in an orderly fashion. Broad “sectors” encompass major world regions and are overseen by sectorial secretaries, typically senior renunciates, who coordinate spiritual, social service, and educational work. These sectors are further subdivided into regions or similar intermediate units, each with its own regional secretary supervising local units and projects. In some places, additional intermediate levels such as districts or areas help ensure that programs, training, and communication flow effectively between the grassroots and the higher echelons of the organization.

Within this territorial framework, Ananda Marga functions through several specialized wings that give concrete expression to its ideals. The spiritual and organizational wing (Ananda Marga Pracaraka Samgha) manages initiations, meditation centers, and general organizational life, relying on a hierarchy of whole‑timer workers—both monks, nuns, and dedicated family workers—alongside local initiated practitioners. Service activities are coordinated through bodies such as the Ananda Marga Universal Relief Team, which organizes relief and welfare work through parallel structures at global, sectorial, and local levels. Education is developed through institutions and networks of schools and training centers that are aligned with, yet administratively distinct from, the main organizational hierarchy, and there are additional wings focusing on women’s organization, culture, and socio‑economic initiatives.

The living heart of this structure is found in the local centers, where spiritual practice and community life take tangible form. The basic organizational cell is the local unit, usually corresponding to a town or neighborhood, led by a unit secretary who coordinates collective meditation, dharmacakra, and local programs. Many units are anchored in a jagṛti, a local center or ashram that serves as a venue for daily meditation, kiirtan, study, and sometimes residence for monks or nuns, under the care of an appointed in‑charge. Larger urban or regional hubs, sometimes called central offices or major centers, function as administrative and spiritual focal points for surrounding units. Around these centers cluster various service projects—schools, children’s homes, clinics, relief activities, and cooperative ventures—each with its own management yet reporting upward through the same territorial and wing‑based hierarchy, supported by local committees of practitioners who sustain the material and spiritual life of the community.