Karmapa Thaye Dorje stands as one of the two principal figures regarded by different communities as the 17th Karmapa, and his relationships with other Buddhist leaders unfold within this context of divided recognition. Within the Karma Kagyu tradition, he is closely connected to those lamas, rinpoches, and monastic communities that accept his recognition and look to him as their spiritual head. Through these relationships he leads a network of monasteries and centers in various countries, where the shared commitment to the Karma Kagyu lineage provides a strong basis for cooperation and mutual support. His work with these teachers and institutions reflects a focus on Dharma transmission, education, and practice rather than on public controversy.

The presence of another Karmapa claimant, Ogyen Trinley Dorje, recognized by the Dalai Lama and by certain political authorities, has created a longstanding division within the Karma Kagyu school and complicates his ties with other Tibetan leaders. With those who follow Ogyen Trinley Dorje, including the Dalai Lama, the relationship tends to be distant and institutionally separate, marked by a lack of formal recognition of his status. At the same time, the tone is generally non-confrontational, with an emphasis on avoiding open conflict even in the absence of official collaboration. This situation illustrates how questions of recognition and authority can shape spiritual relationships without entirely eclipsing mutual respect.

Beyond the internal dynamics of Tibetan Buddhism, Karmapa Thaye Dorje also relates to a wider Buddhist world. He participates in inter-Buddhist and interfaith gatherings, where he encounters leaders from Theravāda, Zen, and other Mahāyāna traditions, and engages in ecumenical dialogue and shared initiatives. Through such meetings, as well as through cooperation with Buddhist organizations and educational institutions, he contributes to broader projects in Dharma education and humanitarian activity. In this way, his role extends beyond sectarian boundaries, demonstrating a concern for pan-Buddhist cooperation while still carrying the particular responsibilities of a Karma Kagyu lineage holder.