Mindfulness-Based Buddhism is a modern adaptation of traditional Buddhism that focuses on the practice of mindfulness and awareness. While traditional Buddhism also emphasizes mindfulness and awareness, there are some key differences between the two.

Firstly, traditional Buddhism is rooted in the teachings of the historical Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama, and follows the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path as the path to enlightenment. Mindfulness-Based Buddhism, on the other hand, draws from various Buddhist traditions and incorporates elements from other psychological and therapeutic approaches, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction.

Secondly, traditional Buddhism places a strong emphasis on renunciation and detachment from worldly desires and attachments. Mindfulness-Based Buddhism, however, does not necessarily require one to completely detach from the world, but rather encourages individuals to cultivate a non-judgmental and accepting attitude towards their experiences, including their desires and attachments.

Another key difference is the role of the teacher. In traditional Buddhism, the teacher or guru is seen as a central figure and is responsible for guiding the student on their spiritual journey. In Mindfulness-Based Buddhism, the teacher is seen more as a facilitator, providing guidance and support, but ultimately the individual is responsible for their own practice and progress.

Additionally, traditional Buddhism places a strong emphasis on the concept of rebirth and karma, while Mindfulness-Based Buddhism may not necessarily incorporate these beliefs. Instead, it focuses on the present moment and the cultivation of a compassionate and non-judgmental attitude towards oneself and others.

Lastly, Mindfulness-Based Buddhism may also incorporate elements of scientific research and evidence-based practices, making it more accessible and acceptable to individuals who may not identify as Buddhist or have a spiritual background.

In summary, while traditional Buddhism and Mindfulness-Based Buddhism share common roots and principles, the modern adaptation places a greater emphasis on the practice of mindfulness and awareness in a secular context, making it more accessible and applicable to individuals in today's fast-paced and modern world.