Bodhidharma, also known as Daruma in Japanese, is a revered figure in Zen Buddhism. He is considered to be the founder of this school of Buddhism and is depicted in various forms in Zen art and literature. Bodhidharma is often portrayed as a bearded, wide-eyed, and stern-faced figure with a distinctive halo around his head. He is typically shown sitting in meditation, with a serene and focused expression on his face.

In Zen art, Bodhidharma is often depicted with exaggerated features, such as large ears and a prominent forehead. This is believed to symbolize his heightened awareness and deep understanding of the world. He is also sometimes shown with a third eye, representing his ability to see beyond the physical world and into the realm of enlightenment.

One of the most iconic images of Bodhidharma in Zen art is the Daruma doll. This red, round, and limbless doll is said to represent Bodhidharma in a simplified form. It is a popular talisman in Japan and is believed to bring good luck and perseverance. The Daruma doll is often used as a symbol of determination and resilience, as it always returns to an upright position when knocked down.

In Zen literature, Bodhidharma is depicted as a mysterious and enigmatic figure. He is said to have traveled from India to China in the 5th century, bringing with him the teachings of Zen Buddhism. According to legend, he sat facing a wall in meditation for nine years at the Shaolin Temple, before transmitting his teachings to his disciples.

Bodhidharma's teachings are often portrayed in Zen literature as being direct and unconventional. He is known for his emphasis on meditation and the direct experience of enlightenment, rather than relying on scriptures and rituals. This is reflected in the famous Zen saying attributed to Bodhidharma, "A special transmission outside the scriptures; No dependence on words and letters; Direct pointing to the mind; Seeing into one's nature and attaining Buddhahood."

In Zen art and literature, Bodhidharma is also depicted as a symbol of the ultimate goal of Zen practice – achieving enlightenment and attaining Buddhahood. He is revered as a wise and compassionate teacher who guides his students on the path to enlightenment. His image serves as a reminder of the importance of meditation, self-discovery, and living in the present moment.

In conclusion, Bodhidharma is depicted in Zen art and literature as a revered figure who embodies the essence of Zen Buddhism. His image and teachings continue to inspire and guide practitioners on their journey towards enlightenment. Through his depiction in various forms, Bodhidharma remains a powerful symbol of wisdom, determination, and the ultimate goal of Zen practice.