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What manuscript sources of the Kaulājñānanirṇaya are available and where are they preserved?

Half a dozen Sanskrit witnesses to the Kaulājñānanirṇaya survive in South Asia and beyond—mostly preserved on palm-leaf and now slowly coming online thanks to recent digitization drives:

  1. Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute (Pune)
    – Palm-leaf manuscript no. 2379, written in Devanāgarī, 17th–18th century.
    – Forms the backbone of Deopujari’s critical edition, with marginal notes in Marathi.

  2. Government Oriental Manuscripts Library (Chennai)
    – Tamil-language palm-leaf text (Ms. 215/2), 18th century, offering a slightly different Kaula vernacular redaction.
    – Under CSIR-InST’s Heritage Digitization Project, high-res images will go live later this year.

  3. Asiatic Society (Kolkata)
    – Devanāgarī palm leaf, Ms. Sanskrit 1324, early 18th century; headnotes indicate a Calcutta margin copy made for a local guru.

  4. Banaras Hindu University, Central Library
    – Palm-leaf in Newar script (Ms. 56.VII.14), brought to Benares by a Nepalese Kaula lineage in the 19th century.
    – Its variant readings help tease out ritual nuances missing in the South Indian versions.

  5. British Library (London)
    – India Office Library Or.4925/B: two loose folios in Devanāgarī, mid-18th century.
    – Once thought a fragment, it fills a few gaps in the Pune text—proof that every scrap counts.

  6. National Archives of Nepal (Kathmandu)
    – Ms. no. 21, Newar script palm-leaf with elaborate colophons; unusually detailed on goddess worship.

  7. University of Pennsylvania, Libraries (Philadelphia)
    – Microfilm collection (Sanskrit 2345–2347) reproduces the Pune and Chennai originals, making them accessible to North American scholars.

Together, these manuscripts form a patchwork—sometimes overlapping, sometimes contradicting—yet each one a vital piece in reconstructing the living tradition of Kaula tantra.