The founder of Lingayatism is often considered to be the 12th century philosopher and social reformer, Basava. He was born in the town of Bagewadi in present-day Karnataka, India. Basava is also known by other names such as Basavanna, Basaveshwara, and Basaveswara.

Basava was born into a Brahmin family, but he rejected the traditional caste system and its rigid hierarchy. He believed in the equality of all individuals and preached against the discrimination based on caste, gender, or social status. This belief was a central tenet of Lingayatism.

Basava's teachings were influenced by the Bhakti movement, a devotional movement that rejected the rituals and practices of mainstream Hinduism and emphasized direct devotion to a personal deity. Basava's chosen deity was Shiva, and he believed in the concept of "Ishtalinga," which means individual devotion to a personal symbol of Shiva.

Basava's teachings also emphasized the importance of social reform. He believed that the true path to salvation was through selfless service to society and the upliftment of the marginalized and oppressed. He encouraged his followers to reject the traditional Hindu practices of animal sacrifice and idol worship and instead focus on inner spiritual growth and social equality.

Basava's teachings gained a significant following, and he established a community of followers known as the "Lingayats." They were also called "Virashaivas," meaning courageous or heroic devotees of Shiva. The term "Lingayat" is derived from the word "linga," which refers to the personal symbol of Shiva that the followers wear around their necks.

Basava's teachings and social reforms were met with resistance from the orthodox Hindu society, and he faced persecution and opposition from the Brahminical class. However, his followers remained steadfast in their devotion to him and his principles.

Today, Lingayatism is a prominent religious and social movement in South India, with millions of followers. The Lingayat community has a strong presence in the states of Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana. They have their own distinct customs, traditions, and rituals, and their devotion to Shiva remains at the core of their beliefs.

In conclusion, Basava is considered the founder of Lingayatism due to his significant contributions to the movement, including his teachings of social reform, devotion to Shiva, and rejection of the caste system. His legacy continues to inspire and guide the Lingayat community, making him a revered figure in Indian history.