Tathāgatagarbha, also known as Buddha-nature, is a central concept in Mahayana Buddhism that refers to the inherent potential for enlightenment that exists within all beings. It is believed that every sentient being has the seed or essence of Buddhahood within them, regardless of their current state or level of spiritual development.

The word Tathāgatagarbha is derived from Sanskrit and can be translated as "womb" or "embryo" of the Tathāgata, which is another term for a fully enlightened being or Buddha. This concept is based on the belief that all beings have the potential to become Buddhas and achieve liberation from suffering.

According to the Tathāgatagarbha teachings, this potential for enlightenment is not something that is acquired or developed, but rather it is already present within us. It is likened to a precious jewel that is hidden within a pile of dirt – it may be covered and obscured, but it is always there waiting to be uncovered and realized.

This idea of an inherent Buddha-nature is in contrast to the traditional Buddhist teachings on the concept of anatman, or no-self. In these teachings, it is believed that there is no permanent, unchanging self or soul within us. However, the Tathāgatagarbha teachings suggest that while there may not be a fixed self, there is a potential for enlightenment that is constantly present and can be realized through spiritual practice.

The Tathāgatagarbha teachings also emphasize the importance of compassion and the belief that all beings have the capacity to become Buddhas and help others on the path to enlightenment. This concept is often seen as a way to inspire and motivate practitioners to strive towards enlightenment, as they are reminded of their inherent potential for liberation.

In conclusion, Tathāgatagarbha is a concept in Mahayana Buddhism that refers to the inherent potential for enlightenment within all beings. It is seen as a precious jewel that is waiting to be uncovered and realized through spiritual practice, and it emphasizes the belief in the universal potential for all beings to achieve liberation.