Chan Buddhism, also known as Zen Buddhism, was founded by the Indian monk Bodhidharma in the 6th century. Bodhidharma is considered the first patriarch of Chan Buddhism and his teachings laid the foundation for the development of this school of thought.

Bodhidharma was born in southern India and was a prince in the kingdom of Kanchipuram. He was exposed to the teachings of Buddhism from a young age and became a monk under the guidance of his teacher, Prajnatara. Bodhidharma was known for his strong determination and dedication to the practice of meditation.

In the early 6th century, Bodhidharma traveled to China and arrived at the Shaolin Monastery in the Henan province. Legend has it that he meditated in a cave for nine years, facing a wall, in order to spread his teachings to those who were ready to receive them. It was during this time that he developed the concept of "sudden enlightenment" or "direct pointing" as a means to achieve enlightenment.

Bodhidharma's teachings were heavily influenced by the Mahayana Buddhist tradition, particularly the Lankavatara Sutra. He emphasized the importance of meditation and direct experience over studying scriptures and rituals. He believed that true understanding and enlightenment could only be achieved through direct experience and not through intellectual knowledge.

Bodhidharma's teachings were initially met with resistance and skepticism in China, as they challenged traditional Buddhist practices and beliefs. However, his teachings gained popularity among the common people and eventually spread throughout China, Japan, and other parts of East Asia.

Bodhidharma's legacy continues to live on in Chan Buddhism, which emphasizes the practice of meditation and the attainment of enlightenment through direct experience. His teachings have had a profound impact on the development of Zen Buddhism and have influenced many other schools of Buddhism.

In conclusion, Bodhidharma, the Indian monk who traveled to China in the 6th century, is credited as the founder of Chan Buddhism. His teachings continue to inspire and guide practitioners in their pursuit of enlightenment, making him a revered figure in the history of Buddhism.