Mohism and Confucianism are two major philosophical schools that emerged during the Warring States period in ancient China. Both schools have had a significant influence on Chinese thought and culture, and share some similarities while also having distinct differences.

One of the main similarities between Mohism and Confucianism is their emphasis on ethical principles and moral conduct. Both schools believed in the importance of cultivating virtues such as benevolence, righteousness, and propriety. They also emphasized the importance of social harmony and the role of individuals in creating a harmonious society.

However, the two schools differed in their approach to achieving these goals. Confucianism placed a strong emphasis on the role of education and self-cultivation in developing moral character. Confucius believed that individuals should strive to become morally exemplary and that this would lead to a harmonious society. On the other hand, Mohism focused on the concept of universal love, or "jian ai," which emphasized treating all people equally and promoting the well-being of all. This concept was based on the belief that all humans are inherently good and should be treated with kindness and compassion.

Another key difference between Mohism and Confucianism is their views on government and leadership. Confucianism advocated for a hierarchical social structure and believed that rulers should lead by moral example and govern with benevolence and righteousness. On the other hand, Mohism promoted the idea of meritocracy, where individuals would be chosen for positions of leadership based on their abilities and not their social status.

One major difference between the two schools is their approach to ritual and tradition. Confucianism placed a high value on traditional rituals and ceremonies as a means of cultivating moral character and creating social order. Mohism, on the other hand, rejected the importance of rituals and instead focused on practical action and utilitarianism. They believed that actions should be based on their usefulness in promoting the well-being of all, rather than blindly following tradition.

In terms of their impact on Chinese society, Confucianism became the dominant school of thought, influencing the political and social systems for centuries. Mohism, on the other hand, did not gain widespread acceptance and eventually faded into obscurity.

In conclusion, while Mohism and Confucianism share some similarities in their emphasis on ethical principles and social harmony, they differ in their approach to achieving these goals, views on government and leadership, and attitudes towards tradition and ritual. Both schools have played a significant role in shaping Chinese thought and culture, and their ideas continue to influence society to this day.