Mohism is a philosophical school that emerged in China during the Warring States period (5th to 3rd century BCE). It was founded by the philosopher Mozi, who believed in promoting universal love and meritocracy as the main principles of Mohism.

The first principle of Mohism is universal love, also known as "jian ai" in Chinese. This concept emphasizes the importance of treating all individuals with equal care and concern, regardless of their social status, nationality, or religion. Mohists believed that love and compassion should be extended to all human beings, not just to one's family or community. This principle is based on the belief that all human beings are fundamentally equal and deserve to be treated with respect and kindness.

The second principle of Mohism is meritocracy, also known as "gong yi" in Chinese. This principle advocates for the selection of leaders and officials based on their moral character and abilities, rather than their social status or family background. Mohists believed that a just and stable society could only be achieved if leaders were chosen based on their merit, rather than their connections or wealth. This principle also emphasized the importance of education and self-cultivation in developing moral character and abilities.

Another important principle of Mohism is the concept of impartiality, or "bu ai" in Chinese. This principle emphasizes the importance of being fair and just in all actions and decisions. Mohists believed that impartiality was essential in promoting social harmony and preventing conflicts and injustice. This principle also extended to the treatment of enemies, as Mohists believed in showing compassion and forgiveness even towards those who had wronged them.

Mohism also emphasized the importance of frugality and simplicity, or "jian jie" in Chinese. This principle encouraged individuals to live a simple and humble life, free from excessive material possessions and desires. Mohists believed that excessive wealth and luxury could lead to corruption and moral decay, and that a simple and frugal lifestyle was essential for moral cultivation and social harmony.

In conclusion, the main principles of Mohism are universal love, meritocracy, impartiality, and frugality. These principles emphasize the importance of treating all individuals with compassion and fairness, promoting a just and stable society, and living a simple and virtuous life. Mohism continues to have a significant influence on Chinese philosophy and ethics, promoting the values of love, equality, and moral cultivation.