Navayana Buddhism, also known as Dalit Buddhism, is a reinterpretation of traditional Buddhism by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, a prominent social reformer and leader of the Dalit community in India. It emphasizes equality and rejects the caste system, which has been a major source of discrimination and oppression in Indian society.

Navayana Buddhism views the caste system as a social construct that goes against the core principles of Buddhism, such as the belief in the equality of all beings and the rejection of social hierarchies. The caste system in India is based on the belief in the division of society into four varnas or castes, with the Brahmins (priests) at the top and the Dalits (formerly known as "untouchables") at the bottom. This system has been used to justify discrimination and exploitation of certain groups, especially the Dalits, for centuries.

Ambedkar, who himself was born into a Dalit family, rejected the caste system and saw it as a major obstacle to the progress and liberation of the Dalit community. He believed that the caste system was not inherent to Hinduism but was a man-made social structure that could be challenged and dismantled. In his book "The Buddha and His Dhamma," Ambedkar argues that the Buddha also rejected the caste system and promoted equality among all beings.

Navayana Buddhism views the caste system as a form of social inequality that goes against the Buddhist principle of "sabbe satta sukhi hontu," which translates to "may all beings be happy." According to this principle, all beings, regardless of their social status, are deserving of compassion and respect. The caste system, on the other hand, divides society into unequal groups and denies equal opportunities and rights to certain individuals based on their birth.

Navayana Buddhism also rejects the idea of "purity" and "pollution" that is associated with the caste system. In traditional Hinduism, the Dalits were considered "impure" and were not allowed to enter temples or participate in religious rituals. In contrast, Buddhism teaches that all beings are inherently pure and that one's actions, not their birth, determine their spiritual worth.

In conclusion, Navayana Buddhism views the caste system as a social evil that goes against the core principles of Buddhism. It promotes equality and rejects the idea of social hierarchies based on birth. Ambedkar's reinterpretation of Buddhism has played a significant role in empowering the Dalit community and challenging the oppressive caste system in India.