In Confucianism, gender roles and equality are viewed through the lens of social ethics, virtue, and harmonious living. Confucianism places a strong emphasis on the importance of maintaining social order and harmony, and this extends to the roles and relationships between men and women.

According to Confucian teachings, men and women have distinct but complementary roles in society. Men are expected to fulfill their duties as providers and leaders, while women are expected to fulfill their duties as caregivers and nurturers. This division of labor is seen as essential for maintaining balance and harmony in society.

However, this does not mean that women are seen as inferior to men in Confucianism. In fact, Confucianism places a strong emphasis on the concept of ren, or humaneness, which includes treating others with compassion, respect, and empathy. This applies to all individuals, regardless of their gender.

In terms of equality, Confucianism teaches that all individuals, regardless of their gender, have inherent worth and value. This is based on the belief that all individuals possess the potential for self-cultivation and moral development. Therefore, both men and women have the opportunity to cultivate virtues and achieve a state of harmony within themselves and with others.

However, it is important to note that Confucianism does acknowledge and reinforce traditional gender roles and expectations. Women are expected to be obedient and submissive to their husbands and to prioritize their roles as wives and mothers above all else. This can be seen as a limitation of women's autonomy and agency.

In recent years, there have been efforts to reinterpret Confucian teachings and promote gender equality within the framework of Confucianism. Some scholars argue that Confucianism's emphasis on ren and moral cultivation can be extended to include gender equality and the empowerment of women. This is seen as a way to reconcile traditional Confucian values with modern notions of gender equality.

In conclusion, Confucianism views gender roles and equality through the lens of social ethics, virtue, and harmonious living. While traditional gender roles are reinforced, Confucianism also emphasizes the inherent worth and potential of all individuals, regardless of their gender. There is ongoing discussion and debate within Confucianism about the role of women and promoting gender equality within the framework of traditional teachings.