Samkhya, a school of Indian philosophy, views suffering as a result of the interaction between Purusha (spirit) and Prakriti (matter). According to Samkhya, Purusha is the pure consciousness, while Prakriti is the material world. These two entities are distinct and independent, but their interaction leads to the creation of the universe and the experience of suffering.

In Samkhya, suffering is seen as a natural consequence of the human condition. The material world, Prakriti, is made up of three qualities or gunas - Sattva (purity), Rajas (activity), and Tamas (inertia). These gunas are constantly in motion and create an ever-changing and impermanent world. As humans, we are also a part of this material world and are subject to the influence of these gunas. This leads to the experience of suffering as we are attached to the impermanent and constantly changing nature of the world.

Furthermore, Samkhya states that the root cause of suffering is ignorance or avidya. Avidya is the misunderstanding of the true nature of Purusha and Prakriti. Due to this ignorance, we identify ourselves with the material world and become attached to it. This attachment leads to desires and expectations, which in turn lead to suffering when they are not fulfilled. Samkhya believes that only through the understanding and realization of the true nature of Purusha and Prakriti can one break free from suffering.

According to Samkhya, Purusha is the witness, while Prakriti is the doer. Purusha is pure consciousness, and therefore, it is not affected by the actions of Prakriti. It is only when Purusha becomes identified with Prakriti that suffering arises. This identification is due to avidya, and by removing this ignorance, one can detach themselves from the material world and attain liberation.

Samkhya also acknowledges that suffering can be a means for spiritual growth. By experiencing suffering, one can gain knowledge and understanding of the true nature of the self and the world. This can lead to the realization of the impermanence and illusory nature of the material world, and ultimately, liberation from suffering.

In conclusion, Samkhya views suffering as a natural consequence of the interaction between Purusha and Prakriti. It is caused by ignorance and attachment to the impermanent and ever-changing nature of the material world. However, through understanding and realizing the true nature of Purusha and Prakriti, one can break free from suffering and attain liberation.